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Vanelli G.; Chang H. Y.; Gatensby A. G.; Hussain S. N. 《Journal of applied physiology》1994,76(3):1098-1105
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Myopia has a multifactorial etiology, although environmental factors are predominant in determining its current patterns. Currently, associations between near work activities and myopia have not been consistently observed. Therefore, we performed a systematic review to quantify the effect of near work activities on myopia in children. Relevant articles published between 1989 and 2014 were identified in MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, and the citation lists were reviewed. Twelve cohort studies and 15 cross-sectional studies were included (25,025 children aged between 6 and 18 years). The I
2 statistic was used to assess heterogeneity. Study-level data were pooled using a random-effects model or a fixed-effects model (when less than 5 studies were included). We found that more time spent on near work activities was associated with higher odds of myopia (odds ratio [OR] = 1.14; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.08–1.20) and that the odds of myopia increased by 2% (OR:1.02; 95% CI = 1.01–1.03) for every one diopter-hour (hr) more of near work per week. Therefore, the development of a strategy to reduce the impact of near work on myopia would be important for preventing myopia in children. 相似文献
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Wu Changwei W. Tsai Pei-Jung Chen Sharon Chia-Ju Li Chia-Wei Hsu Ai-Ling Wu Hong-Yi Ko Yu-Ting Hung Pai-Chuan Chang Chun-Yen Lin Ching-Po Lane Timothy J. Chen Chia-Yuen 《Sleep and biological rhythms》2019,17(4):423-431
Sleep and Biological Rhythms - Neurovascular coupling (NVC), the transient regional hyperemia following the evoked neuronal responses, is the basis of blood oxygenation level-dependent techniques... 相似文献
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S. Shi Y. Huang Y. Zhong Y. Du Q. Zhang H. Chang D. E. Boufford 《Plant Systematics and Evolution》2001,230(1-2):13-24
Phylogenetic relationships of the three genera of the family Altingiaceae, i.e., Altingia, Liquidambar and Semiliquidambar, based on matK sequences and the intergenic spacer between the psaA and ycf3 genes (PY-IGS) of cpDNA, and on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of nrDNA were studied. Phylogenetic trees based on
the three data sets (matK, PY-IGS and ITS) were generated using Hamamelis japonica and Mytilaria laosensis (Hamamelidaceae), Cercidiphyllum japonicum (Cercidiphyllaceae), and Daphniphyllum calycinum (Daphniphyllaceae) as outgroups. The partition-homogeneity tests indicated that the three data sets and the combined data
are homogeneous. A combined analysis also generated a strongly supported phylogeny. The phylogenetic trees show that the North
American and western Asian species, L. styraciflua and L. orientalis, respectively, form a monophyletic group which is sister to the clade including all Asian species in the family. The genus
Liquidambar is paraphyletic with Altingia and Semiliquidambar nested within. Phylogenetic analyses of the molecular data indicate that taxonomic reexamination of the generic delimitation
in the Altingiaceae is needed.
Received December 20, 2000 Accepted June 25, 2001 相似文献
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